Introduction
system consisting of Sun and other objects(planets and moons, dwarf planets, asteroids and comets etc) rotating around sun because of it's gravitational pull is called as "Solar System".Solar System
The Sun is the only star and it is at the center of the Solar System.
The largest eight bodies which rotate directly around the Sun in their own personal orbit are called as planets of the sun.
The moons are those which rotate around a planet and so indirectly rotate around the Sun.
The galaxy of which the Solar System is part of is called 'The Milky Way'.
Sun and 8 Planets
sun and it's Planets are shown in below picture. The sizes of the objects in below picture are relatively correct but distances of planets from Sun are not correct
| Name | Distance from Sun | Mean Radius | Natural Satellites# | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sun (Star) | 0 AU* | 695,700 km | N/A** |
| 2 | Mercury (Planet) | 0.4 AU | 2,439.7 km | 0 |
| 3 | Venus (Planet) | 0.7 AU | 6,051.8 km | 0 |
| 4 | Earth (Planet) | 1 AU | 6,371.0 km | 1 |
| 5 | Mars (Planet) | 1.5 AU | 3,389.5 km | 2 |
| 6 | Jupiter (Planet) | 5.2 AU | 69,911 km | 67 |
| 7 | Saturn (Planet) | 9.5 AU | 58,232 km | 62 |
| 8 | Uranus (Planet) | 19.2 AU | 25,362 km | 27 |
| 9 | Neptune (Planet) | 30.1 AU | 24,622 km | 14 |
| AU* - Astronomical Unit : Distance from Earth to the Sun is counted as 1 AU N/A** : Not Applicable | ||||
4 Terrestrial Planets orbiting nearer to Sun: The four closer planets to the sun and inside the asteroid belt namely Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are Terrestrial in nature. Mainly silicates form their upper layer and heavy metals such as iron and nickel form their core. Except Mercury all other three planets has atmosphere.
2 Gas and 2 Ice Giants in the outer part of Solar System:The outer region of solar system has 2 gas giants namely Jupiter and Saturn and two ice giants Uranus and Neptune. Jupiter and Saturn are called gas giants because they are composed of gases mainly Hydrogen and Helium and they are very large in volume and masses. Jupiter is the largest planet and second largest object only after Sun in the solar system. Uranus and Neptune composed mainly of heavier volatile substances which are referred to as 'ices' and that's why they are called ice giants.
Sun - Our only Star
The Sun is the only star and energy source of solar system. If Earth is our mother Sun's role can be compared to that of father.
It is largest body of solar system and located at the center of the solar system and all other planets rotates around it.
Sun's diameter is about 109 times than that of Earth.
Sun 330,000 times more massive than Earth. Around 75% of the mass of Sum consists of Hydrogen and rest of the mass is of Helium.
It also has very smaller quantities of of heavier elements, including oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.
The energy created by the Sun’s core is nuclear fusion. This huge amount of energy is produced when four hydrogen nuclei are combined into one helium nucleus
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